Keeping Violent Offenders Off Our Streets Act of 2025

Key: what the circles and colors mean

Each circle is a bill. The ring fills as it moves through Congress:

IntroducedPassed one chamberPassed both chambersBecame law (gold)Resolution agreed to (full, dark)Failed or vetoed (gray)

Under the number: the Yea · Nay count of its final (or latest) recorded vote. On a member's page, the small badge is how that member voted: Y Yea / Aye, N Nay / No, P Present, – Not voting.

Gold and violet are only for Yea and Nay; they never mean a party. A member's party is the letter on their photo.

R FitzgeraldSponsor

5 cosponsors · 5 R

3 signed on when it was introduced; the rest joined later. Cosponsors who withdrew aren't shown.

House Introduced Nov 21, 2025
House Passed May 14, 2026 243–179

This bill broadens the definition of the term business of insurance , for the purposes of federal crimes related to insurance fraud, to include the posting of monetary bail, criminal bail bonds, and federal immigration bail bonds.

What it does: CRS summary · Reported to House · Apr 9, 2026

Keeping Violent Offenders Off Our Streets Act of 2025

This bill broadens the definition of the term business of insurance, for the purposes of federal crimes related to insurance fraud, to include the posting of monetary bail, criminal bail bonds, and federal immigration bail bonds.

Under the bill, entities and organizations that pay cash bond or bail for defendants (e.g., charitable bail funds) are engaged in the business of insurance under federal law and subject to federal criminal provisions related to insurance fraud, as well as state licensing requirements and regulation by state insurance commissions.

Member	Party at vote	Seat	Position
Nicholas Begich	R	AK-AL	Aye
Barry Moore	R	AL-1	Aye
Shomari Figures	D	AL-2	No
Mike Rogers	R	AL-3	Aye
Robert Aderholt	R	AL-4	Aye
Dale Strong	R	AL-5	Aye
Gary Palmer	R	AL-6	Aye
Terri Sewell	D	AL-7	No
Rick Crawford	R	AR-1	Aye
J. Hill	R	AR-2	Aye
Steve Womack	R	AR-3	Aye
Bruce Westerman	R	AR-4	Aye
David Schweikert	R	AZ-1	Aye
Eli Crane	R	AZ-2	Aye
Yassamin Ansari	D	AZ-3	No
Greg Stanton	D	AZ-4	No
Andy Biggs	R	AZ-5	Aye
Juan Ciscomani	R	AZ-6	Aye
Adelita Grijalva	D	AZ-7	No
Abraham Hamadeh	R	AZ-8	Aye
Paul Gosar	R	AZ-9	Aye
Mark DeSaulnier	D	CA-10	No
Nancy Pelosi	D	CA-11	No
Lateefah Simon	D	CA-12	No
Adam Gray	D	CA-13	Aye
Kevin Mullin	D	CA-15	No
Sam Liccardo	D	CA-16	No
Ro Khanna	D	CA-17	No
Zoe Lofgren	D	CA-18	No
Jimmy Panetta	D	CA-19	No
Jared Huffman	D	CA-2	No
Vince Fong	R	CA-20	Aye
Jim Costa	D	CA-21	Aye
David Valadao	R	CA-22	Aye
Jay Obernolte	R	CA-23	Aye
Salud Carbajal	D	CA-24	No
Raul Ruiz	D	CA-25	No
Julia Brownley	D	CA-26	No
George Whitesides	D	CA-27	Aye
Judy Chu	D	CA-28	No
Luz Rivas	D	CA-29	No
Kevin Kiley	I	CA-3	Aye
Laura Friedman	D	CA-30	No
Gilbert Cisneros	D	CA-31	No
Brad Sherman	D	CA-32	No
Pete Aguilar	D	CA-33	No
Jimmy Gomez	D	CA-34	No
Norma Torres	D	CA-35	No
Ted Lieu	D	CA-36	No
Sydney Kamlager-Dove	D	CA-37	No
Linda Sánchez	D	CA-38	No
Mark Takano	D	CA-39	No
Mike Thompson	D	CA-4	No
Young Kim	R	CA-40	Aye
Ken Calvert	R	CA-41	Aye
Robert Garcia	D	CA-42	No
Maxine Waters	D	CA-43	No
Nanette Barragán	D	CA-44	No
Derek Tran	D	CA-45	No
J. Correa	D	CA-46	No
Dave Min	D	CA-47	No
Darrell Issa	R	CA-48	Aye
Mike Levin	D	CA-49	No
Tom McClintock	R	CA-5	Aye
Scott Peters	D	CA-50	No
Sara Jacobs	D	CA-51	No
Juan Vargas	D	CA-52	No
Ami Bera	D	CA-6	No
Doris Matsui	D	CA-7	No
John Garamendi	D	CA-8	No
Josh Harder	D	CA-9	Aye
Diana DeGette	D	CO-1	No
Joe Neguse	D	CO-2	No
Jeff Hurd	R	CO-3	Aye
Lauren Boebert	R	CO-4	Aye
Jeff Crank	R	CO-5	Aye
Jason Crow	D	CO-6	No
Brittany Pettersen	D	CO-7	No
Gabe Evans	R	CO-8	Aye
John Larson	D	CT-1	No
Joe Courtney	D	CT-2	No
Rosa DeLauro	D	CT-3	No
Jim Himes	D	CT-4	No
Jahana Hayes	D	CT-5	No
Sarah McBride	D	DE-AL	No
Jimmy Patronis	R	FL-1	Aye
Maxwell Frost	D	FL-10	No
Daniel Webster	R	FL-11	Aye
Gus Bilirakis	R	FL-12	Aye
Anna Luna	R	FL-13	Aye
Kathy Castor	D	FL-14	No
Laurel Lee	R	FL-15	Aye
Vern Buchanan	R	FL-16	Aye
W. Steube	R	FL-17	Aye
C. Franklin	R	FL-18	Aye
Byron Donalds	R	FL-19	Aye
Neal Dunn	R	FL-2	Not Voting
Brian Mast	R	FL-21	Aye
Lois Frankel	D	FL-22	No
Jared Moskowitz	D	FL-23	Aye
Frederica Wilson	D	FL-24	Not Voting
Debbie Wasserman Schultz	D	FL-25	No
Mario Diaz-Balart	R	FL-26	Aye
Maria Salazar	R	FL-27	Aye
Carlos Gimenez	R	FL-28	Aye
Kat Cammack	R	FL-3	Aye
Aaron Bean	R	FL-4	Aye
John Rutherford	R	FL-5	Aye
Randy Fine	R	FL-6	Aye
Cory Mills	R	FL-7	Aye
Mike Haridopolos	R	FL-8	Aye
Darren Soto	D	FL-9	Aye
Buddy Carter	R	GA-1	Aye
Mike Collins	R	GA-10	Aye
Barry Loudermilk	R	GA-11	Aye
Rick Allen	R	GA-12	Aye
Clay Fuller	R	GA-14	Aye
Sanford Bishop	D	GA-2	No
Brian Jack	R	GA-3	Aye
Hank Johnson	D	GA-4	No
Nikema Williams	D	GA-5	No
Lucy McBath	D	GA-6	No
Rich McCormick	R	GA-7	Aye
Austin Scott	R	GA-8	Aye
Andrew Clyde	R	GA-9	Aye
Ed Case	D	HI-1	No
Jill Tokuda	D	HI-2	No
Mariannette Miller-Meeks	R	IA-1	Aye
Ashley Hinson	R	IA-2	Aye
Zachary (Zach) Nunn	R	IA-3	Aye
Randy Feenstra	R	IA-4	Aye
Russ Fulcher	R	ID-1	Aye
Mike Simpson	R	ID-2	Aye
Jonathan Jackson	D	IL-1	No
Brad Schneider	D	IL-10	No
Bill Foster	D	IL-11	No
Mike Bost	R	IL-12	Aye
Nicole (Nikki) Budzinski	D	IL-13	No
Lauren Underwood	D	IL-14	No
Mary Miller	R	IL-15	Aye
Darin LaHood	R	IL-16	Aye
Eric Sorensen	D	IL-17	Aye
Robin Kelly	D	IL-2	No
Delia Ramirez	D	IL-3	No
Chuy García	D	IL-4	No
Mike Quigley	D	IL-5	No
Sean Casten	D	IL-6	No
Danny Davis	D	IL-7	No
Raja Krishnamoorthi	D	IL-8	No
Jan Schakowsky	D	IL-9	No
Frank Mrvan	D	IN-1	Aye
Rudy Yakym	R	IN-2	Aye
Marlin Stutzman	R	IN-3	Aye
James Baird	R	IN-4	Aye
Victoria Spartz	R	IN-5	Aye
Jefferson Shreve	R	IN-6	Aye
André Carson	D	IN-7	No
Mark Messmer	R	IN-8	Aye
Erin Houchin	R	IN-9	Aye
Tracey Mann	R	KS-1	Aye
Derek Schmidt	R	KS-2	Aye
Sharice Davids	D	KS-3	Aye
Ron Estes	R	KS-4	Aye
James Comer	R	KY-1	Aye
Brett Guthrie	R	KY-2	Aye
Morgan McGarvey	D	KY-3	No
Thomas Massie	R	KY-4	Not Voting
Hal Rogers	R	KY-5	Aye
Andy Barr	R	KY-6	Aye
Steve Scalise	R	LA-1	Aye
Troy Carter	D	LA-2	No
Clay Higgins	R	LA-3	Aye
Mike Johnson	R	LA-4	Aye
Julia Letlow	R	LA-5	Not Voting
Cleo Fields	D	LA-6	No
Richard Neal	D	MA-1	No
Jim McGovern	D	MA-2	No
Lori Trahan	D	MA-3	No
Jake Auchincloss	D	MA-4	No
Katherine Clark	D	MA-5	No
Seth Moulton	D	MA-6	No
Ayanna Pressley	D	MA-7	No
Stephen Lynch	D	MA-8	No
William Keating	D	MA-9	No
Andy Harris	R	MD-1	Aye
Johnny Olszewski	D	MD-2	No
Sarah Elfreth	D	MD-3	No
Glenn Ivey	D	MD-4	No
Steny Hoyer	D	MD-5	No
April McClain Delaney	D	MD-6	No
Kweisi Mfume	D	MD-7	No
Jamie Raskin	D	MD-8	No
Chellie Pingree	D	ME-1	No
Jared Golden	D	ME-2	Aye
Jack Bergman	R	MI-1	Aye
John James	R	MI-10	Aye
Haley Stevens	D	MI-11	No
Rashida Tlaib	D	MI-12	No
Shri Thanedar	D	MI-13	No
John Moolenaar	R	MI-2	Aye
Hillary Scholten	D	MI-3	Aye
Bill Huizenga	R	MI-4	Aye
Tim Walberg	R	MI-5	Aye
Debbie Dingell	D	MI-6	No
Tom Barrett	R	MI-7	Aye
Kristen McDonald Rivet	D	MI-8	Aye
Lisa McClain	R	MI-9	Aye
Brad Finstad	R	MN-1	Aye
Angie Craig	D	MN-2	No
Kelly Morrison	D	MN-3	No
Betty McCollum	D	MN-4	No
Ilhan Omar	D	MN-5	No
Tom Emmer	R	MN-6	Aye
Michelle Fischbach	R	MN-7	Aye
Pete Stauber	R	MN-8	Aye
Wesley Bell	D	MO-1	No
Ann Wagner	R	MO-2	Aye
Robert Onder	R	MO-3	Aye
Mark Alford	R	MO-4	Aye
Emanuel Cleaver	D	MO-5	No
Sam Graves	R	MO-6	Aye
Eric Burlison	R	MO-7	Aye
Jason Smith	R	MO-8	Aye
Trent Kelly	R	MS-1	Aye
Bennie Thompson	D	MS-2	No
Michael Guest	R	MS-3	Not Voting
Mike Ezell	R	MS-4	Aye
Ryan Zinke	R	MT-1	Aye
Troy Downing	R	MT-2	Aye
Donald Davis	D	NC-1	Aye
Pat Harrigan	R	NC-10	Aye
Charles (Chuck) Edwards	R	NC-11	Aye
Alma Adams	D	NC-12	No
Brad Knott	R	NC-13	Aye
Tim Moore	R	NC-14	Aye
Deborah Ross	D	NC-2	No
Gregory Murphy	R	NC-3	Aye
Valerie Foushee	D	NC-4	No
Virginia Foxx	R	NC-5	Aye
Addison McDowell	R	NC-6	Aye
David Rouzer	R	NC-7	Aye
Mark Harris	R	NC-8	Aye
Richard Hudson	R	NC-9	Aye
Julie Fedorchak	R	ND-AL	Aye
Mike Flood	R	NE-1	Aye
Don Bacon	R	NE-2	Aye
Adrian Smith	R	NE-3	Aye
Chris Pappas	D	NH-1	Aye
Maggie Goodlander	D	NH-2	Aye
Donald Norcross	D	NJ-1	No
LaMonica McIver	D	NJ-10	No
Analilia Mejia	D	NJ-11	No
Bonnie Watson Coleman	D	NJ-12	No
Jefferson Van Drew	R	NJ-2	Aye
Herbert Conaway	D	NJ-3	No
Chris Smith	R	NJ-4	Aye
Josh Gottheimer	D	NJ-5	Aye
Frank Pallone	D	NJ-6	No
Thomas Kean	R	NJ-7	Not Voting
Robert Menendez	D	NJ-8	No
Nellie Pou	D	NJ-9	No
Melanie Stansbury	D	NM-1	No
Gabriel (Gabe) Vasquez	D	NM-2	Aye
Teresa Leger Fernandez	D	NM-3	Not Voting
Dina Titus	D	NV-1	No
Mark Amodei	R	NV-2	Aye
Susie Lee	D	NV-3	Aye
Steven Horsford	D	NV-4	No
Nicolas LaLota	R	NY-1	Aye
Dan Goldman	D	NY-10	No
Nicole Malliotakis	R	NY-11	Aye
Jerrold Nadler	D	NY-12	No
Adriano Espaillat	D	NY-13	No
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez	D	NY-14	No
Ritchie Torres	D	NY-15	No
George Latimer	D	NY-16	No
Michael Lawler	R	NY-17	Aye
Patrick Ryan	D	NY-18	Aye
Josh Riley	D	NY-19	Aye
Andrew Garbarino	R	NY-2	Aye
Paul Tonko	D	NY-20	No
Elise Stefanik	R	NY-21	Aye
John Mannion	D	NY-22	No
Nicholas Langworthy	R	NY-23	Aye
Claudia Tenney	R	NY-24	Aye
Joseph Morelle	D	NY-25	Aye
Timothy Kennedy	D	NY-26	No
Thomas Suozzi	D	NY-3	Aye
Laura Gillen	D	NY-4	Aye
Gregory Meeks	D	NY-5	No
Grace Meng	D	NY-6	No
Nydia Velázquez	D	NY-7	No
Hakeem Jeffries	D	NY-8	No
Yvette Clarke	D	NY-9	No
Greg Landsman	D	OH-1	Aye
Michael Turner	R	OH-10	Aye
Shontel Brown	D	OH-11	No
Troy Balderson	R	OH-12	Aye
Emilia Sykes	D	OH-13	No
David Joyce	R	OH-14	Aye
Mike Carey	R	OH-15	Aye
David Taylor	R	OH-2	Aye
Joyce Beatty	D	OH-3	No
Jim Jordan	R	OH-4	Aye
Robert Latta	R	OH-5	Aye
Michael Rulli	R	OH-6	Aye
Max Miller	R	OH-7	Aye
Warren Davidson	R	OH-8	Aye
Marcy Kaptur	D	OH-9	Aye
Kevin Hern	R	OK-1	Aye
Josh Brecheen	R	OK-2	No
Frank Lucas	R	OK-3	Aye
Tom Cole	R	OK-4	Aye
Stephanie Bice	R	OK-5	Aye
Suzanne Bonamici	D	OR-1	No
Cliff Bentz	R	OR-2	Aye
Maxine Dexter	D	OR-3	No
Valerie Hoyle	D	OR-4	No
Janelle Bynum	D	OR-5	No
Andrea Salinas	D	OR-6	No
Brian Fitzpatrick	R	PA-1	Aye
Scott Perry	R	PA-10	Aye
Lloyd Smucker	R	PA-11	Aye
Summer Lee	D	PA-12	No
John Joyce	R	PA-13	Aye
Guy Reschenthaler	R	PA-14	Aye
Glenn Thompson	R	PA-15	Aye
Mike Kelly	R	PA-16	Aye
Chris Deluzio	D	PA-17	No
Brendan Boyle	D	PA-2	No
Dwight Evans	D	PA-3	No
Madeleine Dean	D	PA-4	No
Mary Scanlon	D	PA-5	No
Chrissy Houlahan	D	PA-6	Aye
Ryan Mackenzie	R	PA-7	Aye
Robert Bresnahan	R	PA-8	Aye
Daniel Meuser	R	PA-9	Aye
Gabe Amo	D	RI-1	No
Seth Magaziner	D	RI-2	No
Nancy Mace	R	SC-1	Aye
Joe Wilson	R	SC-2	Aye
Sheri Biggs	R	SC-3	Aye
William Timmons	R	SC-4	Aye
Ralph Norman	R	SC-5	Aye
Jim Clyburn	D	SC-6	No
Russell Fry	R	SC-7	Aye
Dusty Johnson	R	SD-AL	Aye
Diana Harshbarger	R	TN-1	Aye
Tim Burchett	R	TN-2	Aye
Chuck Fleischmann	R	TN-3	Aye
Scott DesJarlais	R	TN-4	Aye
Andrew Ogles	R	TN-5	Aye
John Rose	R	TN-6	Aye
Matt Van Epps	R	TN-7	Aye
David Kustoff	R	TN-8	Aye
Steve Cohen	D	TN-9	No
Nathaniel Moran	R	TX-1	Aye
Michael McCaul	R	TX-10	Aye
August Pfluger	R	TX-11	Aye
Craig Goldman	R	TX-12	Aye
Ronny Jackson	R	TX-13	Aye
Randy Weber	R	TX-14	Aye
Mónica De La Cruz	R	TX-15	Aye
Veronica Escobar	D	TX-16	No
Pete Sessions	R	TX-17	Aye
Christian Menefee	D	TX-18	No
Jodey Arrington	R	TX-19	Aye
Dan Crenshaw	R	TX-2	Aye
Joaquin Castro	D	TX-20	No
Chip Roy	R	TX-21	Not Voting
Troy Nehls	R	TX-22	Aye
Beth Van Duyne	R	TX-24	Aye
Roger Williams	R	TX-25	Aye
Brandon Gill	R	TX-26	Aye
Michael Cloud	R	TX-27	Aye
Henry Cuellar	D	TX-28	Aye
Sylvia Garcia	D	TX-29	No
Keith Self	R	TX-3	Aye
Jasmine Crockett	D	TX-30	No
John Carter	R	TX-31	Aye
Julie Johnson	D	TX-32	No
Marc Veasey	D	TX-33	No
Vicente Gonzalez	D	TX-34	Aye
Gregorio Casar	D	TX-35	No
Brian Babin	R	TX-36	Aye
Lloyd Doggett	D	TX-37	No
Wesley Hunt	R	TX-38	Aye
Pat Fallon	R	TX-4	Aye
Lance Gooden	R	TX-5	Aye
Jake Ellzey	R	TX-6	Aye
Lizzie Fletcher	D	TX-7	No
Morgan Luttrell	R	TX-8	Aye
Al Green	D	TX-9	No
Blake Moore	R	UT-1	Aye
Celeste Maloy	R	UT-2	Aye
Mike Kennedy	R	UT-3	Aye
Burgess Owens	R	UT-4	Aye
Robert Wittman	R	VA-1	Aye
Suhas Subramanyam	D	VA-10	Aye
James Walkinshaw	D	VA-11	No
Jennifer Kiggans	R	VA-2	Aye
Bobby Scott	D	VA-3	No
Jennifer McClellan	D	VA-4	No
John McGuire	R	VA-5	Aye
Ben Cline	R	VA-6	Aye
Eugene Vindman	D	VA-7	Aye
Donald Beyer	D	VA-8	No
H. Griffith	R	VA-9	Aye
Becca Balint	D	VT-AL	No
Suzan DelBene	D	WA-1	No
Marilyn Strickland	D	WA-10	No
Rick Larsen	D	WA-2	No
Marie Gluesenkamp Perez	D	WA-3	Aye
Dan Newhouse	R	WA-4	Aye
Michael Baumgartner	R	WA-5	Aye
Emily Randall	D	WA-6	No
Pramila Jayapal	D	WA-7	No
Kim Schrier	D	WA-8	Aye
Adam Smith	D	WA-9	No
Bryan Steil	R	WI-1	Aye
Mark Pocan	D	WI-2	No
Derrick Van Orden	R	WI-3	Aye
Gwen Moore	D	WI-4	No
Scott Fitzgerald	R	WI-5	Aye
Glenn Grothman	R	WI-6	Aye
Thomas Tiffany	R	WI-7	Aye
Tony Wied	R	WI-8	Aye
Carol Miller	R	WV-1	Aye
Riley Moore	R	WV-2	Aye
Harriet Hageman	R	WY-AL	Aye

Keeping Violent Offenders Off Our Streets Act of 2025

Votes to become law

Final vote · House · May 14, 2026